A reducer flange is a pipe fitting used to connect pipes of different diameters. Its main function is to enable diameter conversion in a piping system so that fluids can smoothly transition from one diameter pipe to another. Reducing flanges usually consist of two circular flanges or ring sections of different diameters, one of which is larger than the other, which are joined together by welding, threading or flanging. This design ensures a smooth transition at changes in diameter and avoids excessive turbulence and resistance of the fluid in the pipework. Reducing flanges are used in a wide variety of industries including, but not limited to, petroleum, chemical, power, pharmaceutical, food processing, and aerospace. They can be used for the connection of new pipelines, as well as for retrofitting or repairing existing piping systems.